Vitamin B6
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, the active form. Keel carries a high 26 mg because it sits inside a blend designed for people eating far less.
Written by R. Kessler · About Knurle · Editorial policy
The short answer
Vitamin B6 is a water-soluble vitamin involved in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis and haemoglobin production. Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate is the active form your cells use directly, so it skips the liver conversion step that plain pyridoxine needs.
The form, and why it matters
Pyridoxine hydrochloride is the cheap, stable form and the one most research used. Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (P5P) is already active, which matters most for people with reduced conversion capacity, and it is what Keel uses.
Typical dose
The adult reference intake is 1.3 to 1.7 mg a day. The tolerable upper intake is 100 mg a day for adults, set because chronic high doses cause sensory neuropathy. Keel carries 26 mg, well under that ceiling and far above the reference intake, which is a deliberate choice for a formula aimed at low intake.
What the research shows
B6 deficiency is uncommon in general populations and shows up as anaemia, dermatitis and neurological symptoms. The evidence for supplementation above the reference intake in replete adults is thin, which is why the dose is calibrated to cover a gap rather than to push higher.
Who should be careful
Do not stack B6 supplements. Long-term intake well above 100 mg a day has caused peripheral neuropathy, and the damage can persist. Tell your clinician what you take, especially alongside other B-complex products.
Where it sits in our formulas
| Product | Form on the label | Amount per serving | % Daily Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moat | as pyridoxal 5′-phosphate | 1.7 mg | 100% |
| Keel | as pyridoxal 5′-phosphate | 26 mg | 1529% |
Sources
Figures checked against the sources above on 21 September 2026.
Vitamin B12
Methylcobalamin at 525 mcg. Both forms raise B12; neither has been shown clearly better for topping up a dietary gap in a healthy adult.
Read itFolate
L-5-MTHF-Ca at 400 mcg DFE, the active form. High folate can mask a B12 shortfall on a blood count, which is why the two travel together.
Read itZinc
Zinc citrate in Moat at the everyday nutritional amount, zinc bisglycinate in Keel. The famous cold trials used lozenges at 80 to 207 mg, which is a different thing entirely.
Read itMethylated B12, folate and B6: when form matters
Why methylcobalamin, L-5-MTHF-Ca and P5P instead of cyanocobalamin, folic acid and plain B6. Active forms, homocysteine, and the MTHFR story plainly told.
Read itEating less on a GLP-1? What runs low first
Appetite drops, portions shrink, and the multivitamin you took with breakfast may no longer cut it. Which vitamins people run low on during GLP-1 use, why absorption shifts, and what a single daily habit can sensibly cover.
Read itEvery milligram, printed.
Each amount on the label is the amount in a full daily serving, and it matches what is on this page.
